微生物菌剂对城市污泥堆肥过程中氮素转化的影响研究

以稻草、木屑为填充料,分别添加EM原露、腐秆灵、金宝贝生物发酵剂、阿姆斯生物发酵剂和纤维素分解菌5种微生物菌剂,采用人工翻堆好氧堆肥工艺,进行城市污泥堆肥试验,通过测定堆肥过程中温度、pH值及NH_4~+-N、NO_3~--N和总氮含量,研究了5种微生物菌剂对城市污泥堆肥进程及氮素转化的影响,结果表明:添加微生物菌剂后堆体达到高温期和最高温度的时间较对照提前了1～2 d,降温阶段的降温速率提高了0.54～0.74℃/d,达到室温时间提前了5～6 d;各堆体50℃以上均保持了7 d以上,满足堆肥卫生学指标.添加微生物菌剂能促进有机氮的分解,促进硝化细菌的生长,有利于NH_4~+-N向NO_3~--N的转化和堆肥的腐熟进程.由于添加微生物菌剂提高了堆体升温速率、延长了高温期的维持时间和增加了堆体的pH值,导致更多的氮素损失.堆肥结束时,堆体氮含量降低39.8%～44.8%,较未添加微生物菌剂的堆体降低量多9.8%～14.8%.综合各项指标,金宝贝生物发酵剂和阿姆斯生物发酵剂具有较好的应用前景.

Effects of Inoculating Different Microorganism Agents on Nitrogen Transformation During Sewage Sludge Composting

Under an aerobic condition,artificial turnover protocol composting using sewage sludge,rice straw,saw-dust and tree leaves,as the basic material and inoculating different microorganism agents,EM,Fuganling,Jinbaobei biology ferment,Amusi biology ferment and decomposition bacterium for fibrin as decomposition microbes was carried out to study the changes of temperature,pH,NH_4~+-N,NO3~--N and TN on composting process.The results showed that,adding microbes significantly shortened the time of reaching high temperature period and the tiptop temperature,was 1～2 days earlier than the control.In cooling period,adding microbes significantly increase the decline rate of temperature,heighten 0.54~0.74 TVd,and the time of reaching environment temperature was 5～6 days earlier than the control;the duration of high temperature of 50 ℃ all exceeded 7 days and the compost conformed to the sanitary standard of the aerobic composting (compared with the control,the compost with microbes promoted to decompose organic nitrogen and the growth of nitrobacteria ,the compost with microbes also promoted the rate of NH_4~+-N transform to NO_3~--N and accelerated the decomposition process;TN content obviously decreased during composting,at mature period ,TN contents of the composted products was decreased 39.8%～44.8% to the original TN content,was decreased 9.8%～14.8% more than the control,indicating that inoculating microorganism during sewage sludge composting lead more nitrogen losing in the experimentation.Experimental,Jinbaobei biology ferment and Amusi biology ferment have a fine foreground for application.