不同载荷和对偶下C/C-Cu复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

以炭纤维针刺整体毡为预制体,用化学气相渗透（CVI）、浸渍/炭化（I/C）的方法制备密度和基体炭不同的C/C多孔坯体,采用真空熔渗将铜合金液渗入C/C坯体中制备C/C-Cu复合材料,研究试验条件对复合材料摩擦磨损性能影响。研究结果表明：随着时间的延长,C/C-Cu复合材料摩擦因数趋于稳定;随着载荷的增加,摩擦因数和体积磨损先增后减,当载荷为80 N时达到最大值;试样摩擦因数和体积磨损与对偶件有关,当采用硬度较高的40Cr钢为对偶件时,试样摩擦因数随着时间的延长而增加并趋于稳定,且磨损量最大;当采用硬度低的黄铜和紫铜为对偶件时,试样摩擦因数随着时间变化不大,与紫铜对偶时的磨损量最小;C/C-Cu复合材料的磨损机制主要为磨料磨损、粘着磨损,采用40Cr钢作对偶时氧化磨损加大。

Wear behavior of C/C-Cu composites under different loads and couple parts

C/C-Cu composites were fabricated by infiltrating molten Cu to different C/C preforms which were prepared by chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),resin impregnation and carbonization(I/C).The friction and wear behavior of the composites was researched by wear test.The results show that the friction coefficients of the composites increase and reach stable value eventually as the time increases.With the increase of test loads,the friction coefficients and bulk wear loss increase at first and get to maximum under 80 N and then decrease.The friction coefficients and the bulk wear loss are related to the couple parts.As the test time increases,the friction coefficient of the composite increases using 40Cr steel with higher hardness as couple parts and does not change very much using copper and brass copper as couple parts.The friction coefficient and bulk wear loss of the composites using 40Cr steel as couple parts are greater than that using copper as couple parts.The main wear mechanisms of the composite are abrasive wear and adhesion wear,and oxidation wear is more serious when using 40Cr steel as couple parts.