侵蚀弹超高速撞击岩石类材料的成坑效应

为了研究超高速弹体对岩石类材料的撞击机理,在分析岩石类材料侵彻近区拟流体特征的基础上,利用不可压缩理想流体的伯努利方程,考虑弹体侵蚀破坏过程中的强度变化和靶体破碎介质的反向喷射,建立了成坑效应计算模型,通过实验对比验证了模型的合理性,并分析了影响成坑效应的主要因素。分析表明:侵彻深度随着撞击速度呈现增大—逆转—趋向极限的变化规律,弹坑半径则随撞击速度的提高而增大;靶体材料的动力硬度对侵彻深度的影响不大,但对弹坑半径影响较大;当撞击能量相同时,不同长径比弹体造成的弹坑体积相同。

Crater effect in rocky material target hypervelocity impact by erosive projectile

To study the impact mechanism of hypervelocity projectile on rocky target, the fluid-like characteristic in near-crater zone of rocky target was analyzed, the Bernoulli equation of ideal incompressible fluid was used and the projectile material strength changing and reverse spouting of the projectile erosion flow and comminuted concrete material were taken into account. The hydrodynamic model was established to calculate the crater depth and radius, and was validated by the experimental results. The factors influencing crater effect were studied. Investigation and analysis show that the penetration depth has increasing-reversing-running to the limit regularity with impact velocity increasing, but the crater radius always increases with impact velocity increasing. The crater volumes are the same for different ratios of projectile length and radius when the impact energies are the same.