家庭暴力的心理学研究视角

家庭暴力是一个全球性的社会问题和人权问题。从心理学角度回顾中西方学者近40年来在该领域中有关家庭暴力概念、心理成因及心理干预策略方面的主要研究成果。关于家庭暴力的概念没有统一界定,各国学者分别根据本国国情及研究课题的需要使用略有不同的定义。对家庭暴力的社会心理背景分析多是采用线性——因果分析,常见研究角度有个体心理病态、人格特质、社会化研究、心理动力学。美国学者首次突破该模式,用生态学观点研究家庭暴力的成因,多角度探索生态学的观点逐渐受到重视。如何预防家庭暴力的心理干预策略研究主要集中在家庭暴力行为评估、治疗模式、治疗措施与理论、预防性干预等领域。

A Psychological Study of Family Violence

Family violence,as a common social phenomenon,has caused global concerns.The paper recalls,from the psychological point of view,the definition,psychological reasons of family violence and the main effects of psychological interference strategies of it in recent 40 years.The fact is that the difinition is not definite and it is usually made according to the different national actual conditions and different research purposes,etc.In this field the cause-and-effect analysis of individual psychosomatic,personality,sociology and psychodynamics,etc is the widely used model.As the time goes,American psychologists have made a breakthrough of the model applying an ecological way of study,thus a multi-angle method has arouse increasing attention.