太湖限制排污总量及其管理应用研究

污染物总量控制是指导流域污染源治理和改善湖泊水环境质量的重要措施,基于特定水文条件计算得到的总量控制成果,尽管应用偏安全,却无法反映自然水文过程的动态变化,也不适应污染源全面控制的需要,因此进行湖泊限制排污总量动态变化分析并提出环湖分区入湖水质浓度控制要求,既适应了湖泊自然变化特征,又可以满足流域污染源全面控制与入湖污染负荷定量化管理的实际需要。本文分析了湖泊纳污能力的动态变化特征,提出选择典型水文年和将湖泊与环湖河道作为一个整体进行模拟是进行湖泊限制排污总量核算的关键,并以枯水年作为代表水文年,采用二维数学模型进行了近期太湖纳污能力动态变化模拟及限制排污总量核算,并基于近期太湖限制排污总量研究成果,提出环太湖分区逐月入湖水质浓度的平均值在经过简单的技术修正后,可作为近期太湖各分区入湖河道的水质控制浓度要求,为太湖流域近期水环境定量化管理提供了技术支撑。

Control of Gross Water Pollutant Discharge in Tai Lake

The gross control of pollutant discharge is an important measure for water pollution control and for improving water quality of a lake.But the traditional method based on one hydrological condition can not reflect the dynamic change of the natural hydrological process to be used in a comprehensive control of pollution sources,so it is necessary to analyze the dynamic characteristics of pollutant discharge gross control,considering the concentration of pollutants for rivers flowing into the lake.This paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of water environmental capacity of Tai Lake,and shows that the determination of hydrological conditions with the lake and connected rivers combined as a system are essential for the calculation of water environmental capacity for the lake.The dynamic change of water environment capacity and the limitation of gross water pollutant discharge in Tai Lake are calculated with a 2D mathematical model,and it is shown that the mean values of pollutants concentration in every month can be used as the controlling condition in rivers flowing into Tai Lake.The research results may be used for the quantification management of water environment in Taihu Basin.