“还原”概念的哲学分析

还原论一直是科学哲学的中心问题,但是对于还原概念本身的综述分析却相对较少。本文试图梳理了语言还原、理论还原、学科还原、微观还原、本体论还原、方法论还原、知识论还原、说明还原等诸多还原概念,从而对相应的还原论给出了简评。根据概念分析,并结合当今生物学哲学的研究,笔者认为:语言还原是有积极意义的,但是会遇到整体论问题;理论还原、学科还原、微观还原以及说明还原和知识论还原都会遇到难以克服的问题,恐怕难以实现;本体论还原目前是比较能够接受的观点;方法论还原在现阶段也很有实践意义,但是要注意不同学科之间的相互学习。

A Philosophical Analysis of the Concept of Reduction

Reductionism has been a central issue in the philosophy of science.However,there is few overall analysis of the concept of reduction.The paper tries to analyze various conceptions of reduction: linguistic reduction,theory reduction,branch reduction,micro-reduction,ontological reduction,methodological reduction,epistemic reduction,explanatory reduction,etc,and then give brief comments on various vednctionism.According to the conceptual analysis and the philosophy of biology,the author suggests: linguistic re...