我国食用菌加工新技术与产品创新发展现状

食用菌是一类品种多、营养全、味道美、富含多种活性物质的大型可食用真菌。近10年来,我国食用菌育种和工厂化栽培技术取得重大突破,从而带动食用菌产量逐年攀升,但目前我国食用菌存在鲜食消费模式为主、加工产业链弱、加工率低、加工产品少、市场附加值低等产业问题,导致大量食用菌鲜品滞销而影响整个产业稳定。这些突出的问题造成食用菌产品在国内销售和国外出口时利润非常低,严重阻碍了食用菌产业的进一步健康快速发展。围绕目前我国食用菌加工产业存在的主要问题、我国食用菌加工产业的发展现状、食用菌加工产业发展的市场前景进行了阐述,以期为产业稳定健康的发展提供理论指导。

Development Situation on Processing Technology and Product Innovation of Edible Mushroom in China

Edible mushroom is a kind of macrofungi with different varieties, which is rich in nutrition and has delicious taste and abundant active substances. Some significant breakthroughs have been made for the breeding and industrialized cultivation techniques of edible mushroom in the last ten years in China, leading to the rapid increase of edible mushroom production. However, fresh edible mushroom is still the main consumption pattern in China, which accompanied with the weak processing chain, low processing rate, less processed products, and low-value products of edible mushroom. These lead to the overstock of fresh mushroom and the instability for mushroom industry. Less profits of edible mushroom during foreign exports and domestic market seriously restrict the further development of the edible mushroom industry. This article has reviewed the main problems and the current development situation of the edible mushroom industry in China, and then analyzed the development tendency and prospects for the edible mushroom processing industry. This paper will provide guidances for the stable and healthy development of edible mushroom industry in future.