不同栽培基质对两种石斛生长及生理的影响

以金钗石斛和蜂腰石斛为试验材料,采用菌渣、松树皮、草炭、木屑、椰糠和水苔为栽培基质,研究不同配比的栽培基质对两种石斛生长和生理的影响.筛选出更适宜两种石斛幼苗生长的最佳基质配方,为两种石斛的规模化生产奠定基础.结果表明:添加有菌渣、水苔、草炭和椰糠等材料的基质都较常规栽培基质(松树皮+水苔)能不同程度地增加两种石斛的成活率,有效提高生物量,促进植株生长.通过隶属函数综合评价可知,m(菌渣)∶m(松树皮)∶m(水苔)=1∶2∶1的基质配方最有利于金钗石斛幼苗的生长,而m(草炭)∶m(松树皮)∶m(椰糠)=1∶2∶1的基质最有利于蜂腰石斛幼苗的生长.且这两种混合栽培基质能有效增加金钗石斛和蜂腰石斛幼苗的叶绿素、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量;增强POD和SOD活性,提高植株抗逆性.

Effects of Different Substrates on Growth and Physiology of Two Species of Dendrobium

In this study, Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium findlayanum were used as experimental materials, with fungus residue, pine bark, peat, sawdust, coconut bran, water moss as the cultivation substrate, to study the effects of different proportions of cultivation substrate on the growth and physiology of two kinds of Dendrobium. The optimum substrate formula for the growth of two Dendrobium species was selected, which laid a foundation for the large-scale production of the two species. The results show that the substrate with fungus residue, water mosspeat and coconut bran could increase the survival rate, biomass of the two Dendrobium species to different extent compared with the conventional substrate (pine bark + water moss). According to the comprehensive evaluation of membership function, the substrate formula of pine bark:moss=1:2:1 was the best for the growth of Dendrobium nobile seedlings, while the substrate of peat:pine bark:coconut bran=1:2:1 was the best for the growth of Dendrobium findlayanum seedlings. Moreover, these two mixed cultivation susbstrate can effectively increase the chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein content of Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium findlayanum seedlings, enhance POD and SOD activities, and improve plant stress resistance.