前向拦截的三维制导模型及制导律设计

为了解决拦截器导引头的气动加热问题,提出了前向追踪(Head Pursuit)制导方法。该方法是将拦截器导引到目标轨道的前方并沿着和目标相同方向飞行,而在目标轨道的前方拦截目标,要求拦截器的速度低于目标的速度。在建立了目标和拦截器的三维制导模型基础上,采用全局二阶滑模控制理论设计了二阶滑模HP非线性制导律。并在考虑目标机动加速度未知的情况下,设计了观测器对目标机动加速度进行估计。通过拦截器拦截目标的弹道的数字仿真验证了制导模型和制导律的正确性。

Three-dimensional guidance model and guidance law design for head pursuit interception

A HP(head pursuit) guidance law is proposed to eliminate the perturbation of interceptor detection induced by aerodynamic heating.The guidance law positions the interceptor ahead of the target on its flight trajectory,and the speed of interceptor is required to be lower than that of the target.A HP nonlinear guidance law is presented based on the second-order sliding mode control theory,considering the kinematics of interception and the uncertainty of target acceleration.A special observer is designed to estimate the target acceleration.Simulation results verify the rightness of the three-dimensional guidance model and the effectiveness of the guidance law.