近50年来淮河流域水资源与水环境变化

对半个世纪以来淮河流域水资源与水环境的变化进行了分析,研究发现:1)1954-2004年淮河流域降水量与流量均呈下降趋势,而1995-2004年呈上升趋势;2)淮河流域水质自1980年代开始急剧下降,而从1995年开始有好转趋势,淮河污染治理取得了一定的成效,但整体上水污染依然严重;3)受降水季节性变化的影响,水质也呈季节性的变化,但年际降水的变化对水质的影响不大.淮河流域水质的变化主要受控于人类活动的变化,近年来水质改善不是十分明显的原因是由于污染物的排放总量的没有得到有效控制以及污染治理措施落实的不到位.走生态发展之路是淮河流域污染治理的根本之策.

Variation of Water Resource and Its Quality of HuaiheRiver in the Past Half Century

This paper analyzed the variation of the water resource and its quality of Huaihe River in the past half century and found: 1) Precipitation and water discharge all show decreasing trend in 1954-2004,and increasing trend in 19952004;2) Sharp decrease of water quality happened in 1980s.But from 1995,the water quality was improved,though the water region is still seriously polluted;3) Seasonal variation of water quality is mainly due to the seasonal variation of precipitation.But to the yearly variation of water quality,the contribution of precipitation is not significant.The conclusions are: water quality of Huaihe River is mainly controlled by the human activities and little improved due to the ineffectiveness of pollutants discharge control and the management measures.The development of ecological economics might be the way to root up the water pollution in Huaihe drainage basin.