再探历史时期中国野象的变迁

利用考古、孢粉、~(14)C测定年代、传说、文物、文献记载、物候、最新科研成果等大量资料,研究结果表明,历史时期中国野生亚洲象的分布北界由河北阳原(N40°06′)南移至现在的云南盈江(N24°)以南,变动幅度达16°;野生亚洲象由华北、华东、华中、华南、西南的大片地区,紧缩到滇南部分地区,成为濒危的珍稀动物.野生亚洲象巨大变迁的原因主要是:野象的自身习性的限制,生态环境的变化以及人类活动的影响.

APPROACHING AGAIN THE WILD ELEPHAS MAXIMUS IN CHINA IN THE PERIOD HISTORY

This paper in depth by a vast amount of scientific data of archaeology, sporo-pollen, radiocarbon age, legend, cultural relic, literature, phenology, new achievements in scientific research studies and makes known: in the period history the distribution's north boundary line of wild elephas maximus in China has moved from Yangyuan county in Hebei province (N 4006') to Yingjiang county in Yunnan province (over N 24). The movement is almost 16. The range of wild elephas maximus in China has reduced from the greater part of north China, east China, central China, south China and southwest China to some of southern part in Yunnan, and become one of precious and rare animals.Through a synthetical analysis of history, biology, climate, geography, ecology, humanity and so on, the reasons creating great changes in wild elephas maximus are principally the limits of their habits and characteristics, the changes in their ecological environment and the influences of mankind movement. As long as men take emergency and effective measures, wild elephas maximus can be fully saved.