部分甲基取代瓜环合成技术的改进与分离的研究

瓜环（cucurbitn]uril）是继冠醚（crownether）、环糊精（cyclodetrin）和杯芳烃（calixarene）之后备受瞩目的一类新型茏状大环主体分子化合物，它在主客体化学、自组装超分子化学等领域展现良好的应用前景．然而，瓜环的溶解度小、分离纯化难限制了它的进一步研究与应用．本文研究了以苷脲二聚体和甲基苷脲二醚合成部分甲基取代瓜环（n=5，6，7）的技术（即合成二甲基取代五元（DiMe-Q5]）、对四甲基取代六元瓜环（TMe-Q6]）、二甲基取代七元瓜环（DiMe-Q7]）的混合物）；并研究了色谱分离部分甲基取代瓜环的方法，经^1H NMR表征证明，用色谱分离的方法可分离得到纯度较高的DiMe-Q5]、TMe-Q6]）和DiMe-Q7]）．

Studied on the Optimum Synthesis Way and Separation of the Methyl Substituted Cucurbit[n]urils

Cucurbitn]uriis which are potentially as useful the as well-known host molecules such as crown ethers and cyclodextrins（CDs） have been an important part of supermolecule field in these years. Their host-guest chemistry as well as supramolecular assemblies based on Qn] has been studied and summarized widely. However, the poor solubility in common solvents and the hard separation have limited the development of the chemistry of cucurbitn]uril. Thus, synthesis and separation Qn] derivatives ,which allow them to dissolve in both aqueous systems and common organic solvents, have received great attention. The mixture methyl substituted cucurbitn] urils （n=5, 6,7） di-methyl substituted cucurbit5]uril（DiMe-Q5]）, the tetrad-methyl substituted cucurbit6]uril （TMe-Q6]）and the di-methyi substituted cucurbit7]uril（DiMe-Q7]）] was Optimum Synthesis by using the diether of dimethylglycoluril and the dimer of glycoluril in this paper. The results of ^1HNMR spectroscope proved that the DiMe-Q5], the TMe-Q6] and the DiMe-Q7] could be separated completely by the chromatographer.