地理学元研究:地理学理论思维方法论

马克思主义哲学的不仅重视对世界的解释而且重视对世界的改变的实践论的哲学观，为地理学的理论研究奠定了重要的认识论和方法论基础。世界的地理图景即地理学世界主要应界定在常识、科学和哲学三个层面上。地理学科学世界与地理常识世界以及地理哲学世界的思维的最基本的工具是概念思维。作为理论的基本形态之一的科学理论或作为科学的基本形态之一的科学理论具有鲜明的系统性、逻辑性、真理性、多元性和还原性。同时，科学理论具有说明、预言和方法论等多种功能。作为理念系统的方法是关于认识世界和改造世界的目的方向，途径、策略手段、工具及其操作程序的选择系统。以地理学方法为研究对象的地理学方法论规定了地理学方法研究的基本原则。

Basic research on geography: geography theoretical thinking methodology

Marxist philosophy is practical philosophical outlook, which emphasise not only the explaining but also the changing to the world, it provides the bases of epistemology and methodology for theoretical research of geography. The geographic view of world that is geographic world should be defined mainly in such three levels as common sense, science and philosophy. The conceptual thinking is the most primary thinking tool of scientific world, common sense world and philosophical world of geography .As one of the essential formation of theory or science, scientific theory has its vivid features of systematicness, logicality, truth, pluralism and reductiveness. At the same time, scientific theory has many kinds of functions such as illustration, prediction and methodology. The method as perceptive system is a kind of select system about the direction, gateway, strategy, tool and operational program of recognizing the world and changing the world .The geographic methodology, taking geography method as its research object, regulates the basic principle of geographic method research.