认知进化观:认知科学研究范式的新取向

认知科学在其发展过程中经历了几次研究范式的转换，认知进化观的兴起是认知科学各学科多层次整合的表现。在心理学领域，进化心理学采用功能分析的方法分析适应性行为下的心理机制和特征。在人工智能领域，采用进化计算和遗传算法探讨人工生命的适应性行为。在神经科学领域，是对神经网络的自组织机制和神经系统的可塑性进行考察。认知进化观的缺陷是自然主义的计算与进化，忽视了人的历史文化性。认知进化观作为一种新方法论，为智能研究带来了生机。

Evolutionary Viewpoint: A New Approach to Cognitive Science Study Paradigm

With the development of cognitive science, there have been several transformations for its study paradigm. The emergence of cognitive evolutionary viewpoint is the outcome of the integration of cognitive science. Evolutionary psychology analyses mental mechanism and its characteristics in the adaptive behavior using functional analysis. In artificial intelligence field, evolutionary computation and genetic algorithms are adopted to study the adaptive behavior of artificial life. Neural science researches the self-organized mechanisms of neural network and the plasticity of neural system. Cognitive evolutionary viewpoint is a kind of computation and evolution of naturalism, neglecting the significance of human culture and history. As a new methodology, evolutionary standpoint takes vitality for intelligence study.