磁浮列车电弧辐射特性及对航向信标影响分析

为了研究磁浮列车离线电弧对机场航向信标的影响, 选取了国内某磁浮线路离线电弧现象发生频繁的分段绝缘器处, 对列车的电磁辐射进行了测试。结合现场测试数据, 在电磁场仿真软件FEKO中搭建了磁浮列车及轨道模型, 分析了离线电弧在轨道和车体电磁屏蔽作用下的电场分布特性。之后，通过最小二乘的线性回归方法, 得到离线电弧在航向信标频段内的幅频特性。在此基础上，结合电波传播理论及GB 6364的相关要求, 以磁浮线路与机场跑道延长线平行、线路垂直下穿跑道两种情况为例, 分析了离线电弧电磁辐射对航向信标的影响。研究结果表明，磁浮线路下穿机场的情况下, 飞机着陆过程中接收信号信噪比满足标准规定的20 dB防护率要求; 磁浮线路与机场跑道延长线平行的情况下, 两者间距小于86.4 m时, 离线电弧可能会对航向信标造成影响。研究结果可为磁浮线路与机场间的电磁兼容性设计提供理论依据。

Analysis of arc radiation characteristics of maglev train and its influence on localizer

The electromagnetic radiation of maglev train is tested at the section insulator where off-line arc occurs frequently to study the influence of off-line arc on localizer. Combined with the test data, the maglev train and track models are built in the electromagnetic field simulation software FEKO, and the electric field distribution characteristics of the off-line arc under the electromagnetic shielding of track and car body are analyzed. Then, in the frequency band of localizer, the amplitude frequency characteristics of the off-line arc are obtained by the least square linear regression method. On the basis of radio wave propagation theory and the requirements of GB 6364, the influence of the off-line arc on localizer is analyzed by taking two cases. The maglev line is parallel to the runway extension and the line crossed the runway vertically. The results show that the signal to noise ratio of the received signal can meet the minimum protection rate of 20 dB in the case of maglev line crossing the runway. The off-line arc may affect the localizer when the distance between the maglev line and the runway extension line is less than 86.4 m. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the electromagnetic compatibility design between maglev line and airport.