叙事时间的聚变：论与神灵在一起的康区民间故事

康区民间故事中作为配角出现的神灵，不仅是主人公的外部境遇，成为情节活动的参与者，推动着故事的整体叙事，而且是主人公命运、成败、结局和故事走向、结局的决定者；从主人公的内部心理而言，神灵的出现则是对主人公内在品质的考验。这种由主人公与神灵共同演绎的人间故事，高扬着康区人民的普适性价值。因此，神灵参与的人间故事，可视为一种观念系统的形象表达，神灵属于康区人民的特殊观念，它不仅是角色或情节的参与者，而且是故事讲述人的叙事观念时间。当故事讲述人的观念时间、神灵超自然时间、主人公的自然时间三者出现在故事的叙事q-，它们实现的是叙事时间的聚变。叙事时间的聚变是康区民间故事叙事策略的重要组成部分，并由此展现了康区民间故事叙事的发生逻辑。

Time Fusion in Narratives： Deities in Kham Folktales

Deities, as supporting roles in folktales in Kham area, are not only actors in traditional folk plots in which the protagonists present the overall narrative, but also commanders of the destinies of those protagonists, of their successes and failures, and of their demise. As for the inner qualities of the protagonists, the deities are there to test their potential. Such folktales, as performed by both protagonists and deities, enhance the global pro file of the Kham people and diminish their weaknesses. Thus, deities in folktales can be considered a vivid con ceptual expression. Deities belong to that particular ideology of the Kham people, in which they perform roles and deliver narratives from different time perspectives. Narrators, deities and protagonists all operate with a dif ferent sense of time and for time in a narrative to make sense, it must undergo a fusion. The fusion of narrative time is a significant feature of Kham folktales, and is the means by which genetic logic of narrative is presented.