东南沿海地区强对流天气(雷暴)卫星云图特征分析

对1996～1999年我国东南沿海地区常规天气图及GMS-5卫星红外、水汽和分裂窗云图资料的分析表明，发生强对流(雷暴)天气的6种不同天气形势下，卫星云图的基本数字特征有相同之处，也存在明显的差异。通过对卫星云图的灰度和局地标准差等基本数字特征的分析，发现局地标准差极大值和红外减分裂窗差值≤0极小值的出现，预示4h左右对流将发展到最强盛。同时，可以较好地把握强对流云团的发展阶段以及发展趋势，提高雷暴的预报水平。

Characteristic analysis of satellite images of severe convective weather ( thunderstorm) in southeast coast region

The analysis of the GMS-5 satellite images and weather maps in the southeast coast region of our country from 1996 to 1999 showed that the basic digital features of satellite images were identical, while obvious differences existed under six kinds of weather situations in which the severe convective weather phenomenon (thunderstorm) occurred. By analyzing the basic digital features of different satellite images in detail, such as the gray scale and the local standard deviation, the rule was found that the convective clouds will reach the strongest after about four hours. Meanwhile, the developing stages and tendency of severe convective weather phenomenon can be understood much better, and the forecasting ability of thunderstorms will be improved.