气-液-固自然循环流化床中的流动特性和压降

建立了气-液-固冷模多管自然循环流化床蒸发器，利用CCD图像采集和处理系统，研究了固体颗粒的种类、含率和通气量等操作参数对于固体颗粒的流化和运动形态、分布以及加热管束中液-固两相流压降的影响．结果表明：通气位置对于固体颗粒在加热管柬中的分布影响较大．在上、下管箱中，固体颗粒的运动和流化形态不同．在上管箱中，固体颗粒形成中心上升、四周下降的循环运动，并且随着其密度的降低，固体颗粒在上管箱中的分布逐渐趋向均匀；在下管箱中，固体颗粒在中心轴的两侧形成两个大的旋涡，旋涡的旋转速度随着通气量的增加而增大．当气体从上管箱加入时，加热管束中液-固两相流的压降随着固体颗粒加入量和通气量的增加而增大．利用实验数据建立了加热管束中液-固两相流的压降模型，模型结果与实验数据吻合较好。

Flow Properties and Pressure Drop of Gas-Liquid-Solid Natural Circulating in Fluidized-Bed

A fluidized-bed evaporator for gas-liquid-solid natural circulation was set up to research the flow and distribution of solid particles and pressure drop of liquid-solid two-phase flow in a heating pipe bundle. With CCD image collecting and processing system ,the influences of the particle kinds ,particle holdup and additive air amount were studied. The experimental results show that air inlet positions have much effect on the distribution of solid particles in the heating pipe bundle. The form of moving and fluidization of solid particles in up-channel is different from that in down-channel. In up-channel ,solid particles make circulating movement with the central part rising and perimeter dropping. As the density decreases ,the distribution of solid particles in up-channel gradually becomes uniform. In down-channel, solid particles form two big whirls at both sides of the central axis. As additive air amount increases,the rotation rate of whirls increases. When the air is input from the up-channel,the pressure drop of liquid-solid two-phase flow in the heating pipe bundle increases with the increase of particles holdup and air amount. The pressure drop model of liquid-solid two-phase flow in the heating pipe bundle has been set up ,and the calculated data agree well with the experimental results.