现代技术中的微量级热现象

近年来，在制造具有新颖结构的微型器件和材料（例如微电子器件、微机电系统和各种先进材料）方面取得了巨大的进展。这种发展使得热科学领域中的热现象。从发生在大量级结构中转移到发生在级结构中。对于更好地理解和控制能量传递而言，这种转移既提出了挑战又提供了机遇。本文从微尺寸、微结构和微时间三方面说明了上述微量级热现象。

MICROSCALE THERMAL PHENOMENA INCONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGY

Great progress has been made in recent years in fabricating micro-devices and materialswith novel microstructures, such as microelectronic devices,microelectrornechanical sys-tems,and advanced materials.In the area of thermal science this development has caused ashift in thermal phenomena from macroscale to microscale, which presents not only newchallenges but also new opportunities to achieve a better understanding and control of energytransfer.This paper addresses microscale thermal phenomena in three general areas:micro-length scale phenomena,microstructures,and micro-time scale phenomena.