鸡油菌,喇叭菌和钉菇的25SrDNA部分序列及其系统学关系

从分子系统学角度出发，对鸡油菌属（Ｃａｎｔｈａｒｅｌｕｓ）、喇叭菌属（Ｃｒａｔｅｒｅｌｕｓ）和钉菇属（Ｇｏｍｐｈｕｓ）的模式种的２５ＳｒＤＮＡ部分序列进行了测定，并与另外１０目的１３个担子菌和１个接合菌的２５ＳｒＤＮＡ序列进行比较分析，以接合菌总状毛霉（Ｍｕｃｏｒｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ）为外类群构建出这些担子菌的部分２５ＳｒＤＮＡ序列的系统树图，探讨它们３属之间及它们与其他担子菌的关系及其系统学上的意义．认为鸡油菌与同科的喇叭菌关系最为亲近，而钉菇属看来也应该归入鸡油菌目Ｃａｎｔｈａｒｅｌａｌｅｓ中，这与传统方法的分析结果较为一致；虽然鸡油菌类真菌又与各肉质的伞菌类群的关系相对较密切，但它应该有其相对独立的进化路线，将这一类真菌上升至目一级的分类阶元是比较恰当的；但钉菇目Ｇｏｍｐｈａｌｅｓ上升到目的水平是否恰当则有待更多的数据去证明．

Partial 25S rDNA Sequences and Phylogenetic Relationships of Cantharellus, Craterellus and Gomphus

Based on the analyses of the obtained sequences and the sequences determined by predecessors from other 14 representative species of 10 basidiomycete orders and 1 zygomycete order, phylogenetic trees of partial 25S rDNA sequences are constructed in which the outgroup is represented by the zygomycete Mucor racemosus . Judging from the 40 trees constructed with Fitch method of Phylip program and the consensus tree, Cantharellus and Craterellus are the most homogeneous. Gomphus is also closely related to them. The cantharelloid fungi appear comparatively closely related with the true agarics, but they seem to have a relatively separated evolutionary line among them; it is still regarded as apt that Creterellus and Cantharellus are gathered into a family Cantharellaceae,and treated the cantharelloid fungi are treated as an independent order Cantharellales.