从生态学角度对生物入侵的思考

本文首先对生物入侵的相关概念和内涵进行了介绍,归纳总结了外来种转化为入侵种的过程和主要入侵类型,并从生态学角度对入侵种的入侵机制加以阐述,分析了与入侵物种自身和引入地生态环境相关的假说及入侵种对人类造成的危害。结合上海城市植被的研究,阐述了上海外来物种现状,在对传统预防、控制措施综述分析的基础上,提出了基于生物演替理论的生态防治法,并对外来物种的功过进行了深入探讨。

Biological Invasion from the Perspective of Ecology

In this article, some concepts about biological invasion were presented and the process of alien species change to invasive species was summarized and primary types of biological invasion were concluded. Furthermore, the mechanism of invasion was elaborated, some hypotheses that relate to alien species and the ecological environment of the invaded habits were analyzed, and the damage of invasive species to the human was described. With the study on urban vegetation of Shanghai, the present situation of alien species in Shanghai was expounded. In the end, ecological methods were raised which based on biological succession theory on the basis of analyzing the conventional measures of prevention and controlling, and the alien species merit was discussed deeply.