从普通车床技术性能分析看其发展趋势

通过对世界各国现有普通车床的技术性能(加工精度与粗糙度)、切速(刀具材质)、机床功率、自动化程度、安全防护、噪声、色彩、总体布局等方面)分析比较,看到普通车床与数控车床在今后一段时期内将是一个彼此并行的趋势,普通车床还不能被数控车床所取代。普通车床要与数控车床竞争,就应从提高自动化程度着手;提高其加工精度;进一步提高刚度;采用模块化设计;尽可能地降低成本保持其使用范围广、价廉的特长,提高其竞争能力。这里仅就普通车床的技术性能进行分析比较,看其发展趋势,以便今后为更好地发展我国的普通车床提供借鉴。

An Analysis of the Development Trend of Lathe Machine According to Its Technical Properties

In this paper, the technical properties, e. g. machining accuracy and roughness, cutting speed (cutting tool material), machine power, automation level, safety protection, noise, colour, general layout and so on of machine lathes on service in several countries were analysed and some comparisons were made. The result shows that in the near future, the machine lathes and the numerical controlled ones will be still in parallel existence. The former is not bound to be replaced by the latter. In order to compete with the numerical controlled lathes, we ought to raise the automation level and machining accuracy of machine lathes, and only by raising the stiffness and applying the modelling design, as far as possible reducing its costs and keeping its wide application and low cost characteristics, shall we raise the competitive capability of the machine lathes. In the paper an analysis and a comparison of the technical specifications of the universal lathe are made, showing the trend of its development, so that they could be used for reference to improve our universal lathe in the future.