论孔子的政治情怀和他对中国传统士人的影响

儒家学派深深地影响着每一个中国人,孔子是儒家学派最早的、最主要的代表.对孔子的"学"与"仕"的关系进行深入探讨,可感悟孔子的人文旨趣与学术关怀.孔子参政不在于政治,而是体现儒者所应有的社会良心和文化批判意识;他的学术也不在于学术的本身,而是带有浓厚的政治色彩和政治气息,他是用自己的学术生命延续了其政治生命,这一点为后世儒者乃至整个中国知识分子开启了以学术介入政治的先河.这既是中国传统士人在政治上柔弱的表现,也是中国传统士人表达和宣泄自己政治情绪的一种主要方式.

On Confucius's Political Feelings And His Influences on Chinese Traditional Scholars

Confucianism, of which Confucius was the earliest and the principal representative, deeply influences every Chinese. This paper gives an account of Confucius' s life experiences, analyses his academic solicitude and especially probes into the relationship between his "learning" and his "administration" . It last points out that Confucius didn't participate in politics for politics--his participation just reflected the social conscience and cultural criticism sense a scholar should have; and that Confucius didn't do academic study for academy--his learning took on a strong political flavour. He continued his political life with his academic life, which started the source of discussing politics by academy for later scholars, even for all Chinese intellectuals. This not only showed that Chinese traditional scholars were weak in politics, but also became their major means of letting out political feelings.