步行中下肢关节动力学以及表面肌电的研究综述

步行是我们日常生活中最为普遍的运动，要想深入地了解这项运动，必须对行走过程中控制人体运动的关节力矩进行分析。单纯的运动学或动力学研究不能准确揭示出人体步态所蕴藏的生命信息，因此，从关节动力学角度结合表面肌电研究人体步态已成为当前研究的热点。通过多环节运动的动力学方法可对下肢关节动力学指标进行分析与探讨。目的：综述人体运动中下肢关节力矩、关节功率等关节动力学参数变化，以及肌电相关指标的变化。方法：检索PubMed和中国知网数据库中有关步行时下肢关节动力学的文章。英文检索词为Joint kinetics；Walking；sEMG，中文检索词为“关节动力学；步行；表面肌电。”结果与结论：目前对于人体步行中下肢关节动力学的研究：在研究指标上，单一指标的研究较多，多指标的综合研究不足。在研究对象上，针对青年人群和步行障碍患者的研究比较多，对老年人和儿童的相关报到较少。在研究内容上，针对背部负重行走的步态研究居多，对负重损伤的力学机制研究较少，在研究结果上，一些结论之间相互矛盾，负重影响人体步态的确切机制仍然模糊不清。

Research Summary of Walking in the Lower Extrem-ity Joint Kinetics and Surface Electromyography

Walking is the most common in our daily life form of exercise,in order to understand the sport,we must analyze the joint torque control of human movement. Sim- ple kinematics or dynamics of human gait can not accu-rately reveal the hidden information, therefore, from the perspective of the joint dynamics combined with surface electromyography study of human gait has become a re-search hotspot. Through multi-link movement dynamics method lower extremity joint kinetics were analyzed and discussed. Objective：Summary of human walking in lower extremity joint torques,joint power and other joints kinetic parameters,as well as EMG related indices. Methods：Re-trieval of the lower limb joint dynamics of walking in PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure da-tabase. English key words were “walking, joint kinetics, sEMG”, Chinese keyword as “walking, joint dynamics, sEMG”. Results and conclusion：At present, for human walking in lower extremity joint kinetics study：The study indicators, while a single index of more comprehensive study of a variety of indicators less. The object of study for young people study and walking disorders are more rele-vant for the elderly and children to report less. The re-search in the study for more weight in the back. But for weight causes less damage to the mechanism. The research results,some conclusions contradict each other,so the im-pact of weight-bearing on human gait mechanism is still unclear.