野生成年棕色田鼠社会行为研究

对成年棕色田鼠 (Microtusmandarinus)的社会行为进行了实验室观察 .结果发现 ,当陌生的两只雄鼠相遇时 ,优势雄鼠和从属雄鼠间的社会行为有明显的区别 ,优势鼠接近、攻击、追赶对方的频次和持续时间明显的多于从属鼠 ,而从属鼠逃离和防御行为多于优势鼠 ;优势鼠的体重明显的大于从属鼠 ,而且攻击行为和社会探究行为的频次与体重呈正相关 ,非社会行为无明显的差别 .但当两只熟悉的雄鼠相遇时 ,则比陌生雄鼠相遇表现出较多的喜好行为和较少的攻击行为 .观察还发现 ,单独生活的异性个体相遇时表现出较少的攻击行为和较多的喜好行为 ;相反 ,和其它家庭成员生活的两个陌生异性个体相遇时表现出较多的攻击行为 .两个雌性相遇和两个雄性相遇表现出相似的行为模式 .以上结果表明 ,熟悉性、性别、个体大小、接触近况是影响棕色田鼠社会行为的重要因子 .

Study on the social behaviors of wild mandarin vole (Microtus mandarinus)

The social interactions of adult mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus) are investigated in laboratory.In encounters paired between unfamiliar males and males, there is great difference between dominant male and subordinate one. The dominants approached, attacked and chased the subordinate more often and spent significantly longer time.The subordinates defend or escaped the dominant more often and spent significantly longer time, but there is no significant difference on nonsocial behaviors between the dominant individual and the subordinate one.Frequencies of aggressive and social investigating behaviors are positively correlated with body mass.But in familiar male male pairs,there are less aggressive and more amicable behaviors than unfamiliar male male pairs. Encounters paired between males and females which are raised alone and sexual mature always had less aggressive behaviors and more amicable behaviors than that paired between males and females had been living with other family members. Encounters between tow females has same behavior pattern as that between tow males.These show that the familiarity, sex, body size, recent contact are important factors in affecting social interaction in mandarin voles.