30CrMnSiA金属粉芯型药芯焊丝熔滴过渡分析与电弧增材研究

为探究金属粉芯型药芯焊丝电弧增材加工的可行性,采用30CrMnSiA高强钢粉芯型药芯焊丝,结合高速摄像与电信号同步采集系统,分析焊丝在脉冲熔化极气体保护焊工艺下的熔滴过渡特点和电弧稳定性,在确定的工艺参数下,探讨脉冲工艺WAAM对高强钢药芯焊丝沉积件成形性、组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,高强钢药芯焊丝熔滴过渡类型为多脉一滴的非轴向小滴短路过渡;沉积件横向和纵向力学性能存在差异,横向强度和韧性均优于纵向;沉积件横向和纵向断口存在大量韧窝,均呈现微孔聚集型韧性断裂,且纵向断口韧窝尺寸明显大于横向。因此,将金属粉芯型药芯焊丝应用于增材加工领域,其性能满足使用要求,可获得组织和力学性能优异的沉积件。研究结果可为提高金属粉芯型药芯焊丝的增材加工效率、改善增材加工性能提供借鉴和参考。

Research on droplet transfer and wire arc additive manufacturing of 30CrMnSiA metal powder-cored welding wire

In order to explore the feasibility of arc additive processing of metal powder-cored welding wire,30CrMnSiA high-strength steel powder-cored wire was adopted,combined with high-speed camera and electric signal synchronous acquisition system,to analyze the droplet transfer characteristics and arc stability of the wire under pulse melting and gas shielded welding process.Under certain process parameters,the influence of pulse process WAAM on formability,microstructure and mechanical properties of deposited parts of high-strength steel powder-cored wire was discussed.The experimental results show that the droplet transfer type of high-strength steel powder-cored welding wire is a short circuit transition with non-axial droplet and multiple pulses one drop;the transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties of the deposited part are different;both the strength and toughness along with transverse are better than that of longitudinal direction;there are a large number of dimples on the transverse and longitudinal fractures of the deposited parts,which suggest that the fracture modes are both micropore aggregation plastic fracture,and the size of dimples on the longitudinal fracture is significantly larger than that in the transverse fracture.Therefore,when the metal powder-cored wire is applied to the field of additive processing,its performance meets the application requirements,and the deposited parts with excellent microstructure and mechanical properties can be obtained.The research results provide reference for improving the additive processing efficiency and performance of the metal powder-cored wire.