我国劳动力流动问题的理论模型

劳动力流动是伴随经济发展而出现的一种经济行为,我国劳动力流动有从农村向农村流动、从农村向城市流动、从城市向城市流动、从城市向农村流动4种形式.从农村流出地、城市流出地和城市流入地3个区域出发,基于不同技术行业中的企业视角,对劳动力自由流动前后的企业最优化行为进行建模,并对基本模型进行扩展.模型分析结果表明,与劳动力不能流动相比,劳动力自由流动将能够提高劳动力要素的配置效率,企业利润会更大,整个社会福利水平也会更高.面对当前我国劳动力流动的巨大压力,从国家整体利益来看,应该允许各受教育程度劳动力在国内充分自由的流动,实现劳动力要素的最优配置,继而提高企业利润,最终促进整体经济的长远发展.

Study on theoretical model of labor flow in China

This paper analyzes the labor flow in China. Labor flow is an economic behavior with rapid economic development. There are four kinds of labor flow in China： labor flow from rural to rural area, labor flow from rural area to urban area, labor flow from urban area to urban area and labor flow from urban area to rural area. With the three areas of rural outflow area, urban outflow ara and urban inflow area, we build basic theoretical models for different firms and then make the models extended. The analytical result of model indicates that free flow of labor will allocate labor factor effectively, increase the profit of firm and promote economic growth. Therefore, labor with different educated level should be allowed to flow freely in China.