济南市水生态功能区划研究

水生态功能分区是基于对流域水生态系统的区域差异提出的一种分区方法.形成生态系统空间差异性的主要驱动因素是自然地理条件差异和人类活动影响.水生态分区是实现流域可持续发展的必要条件.通过分析济南市陆地和水生态系统特点,提出了水生态功能分区的基本原则、指标体系等.基于GIS分析技术,得到了济南市一级、二级和三级水生态功能分区.一级分区以集水区水文条件3大水系为依据,分别为黄河水系、小清河水系和徒骇马颊河水系,划分3大流域外加城区组成.二级水生态分区则以土壤类型及土地利用为主导因子.三级水生态功能分区则反映二组分区内功能差异,运用指标体系评价方法,对流域的生物多样性维持、生境维持、水环境支持、水资源支持4项生态功能进行评价,在GIS技术支持下,利用空间叠加方法,按主导功能类型完成流域内水生态功能三级分区.

Aquatic ecosystem function zoning in Jinan

Aquatic ecosystem function regionalization is a new zoning approach based on regional differences in aquatic ecosystem. Regional heterogeneity mainly resulted from variations in geographical conditions and human activities.Aquatic ecosystem functional regionalization is an indispensable condition to realize sustainable development.By identifying spatial characteristics of terrestrial and fluvial landscapes, dividing system and criteria for regionalizing aquatic ecosystems have been established. A delineation framework was proposed to classify three-level eco-regions with geographic information system (ArcGIS).The first level eco-regions were mainly divided on the basis of three river watersheds (Yellow River,Xiaoqing River,Tuhai maj ia River)and city administrative region.Classification of the second level eco-region primarily considers spatial patterns of land use and soil factors.The third level zoning for aquatic ecosystem function regions reflects functional differences in freshwater ecosystems in the second level region.Index evaluation was used to evaluate ecological functions of aquatic biodiversity maintenance,habitat maintenance,water quality sustainment,and water resources support of the ecosystem.Dominant ecological functions were determined. Finally,classification at the third level was obtained by dominant ecological function overlay analysis with support of GIS techniques.