云南祥云县红土坡石棺墓出土铜器的再研究

云南祥云县红土坡石棺墓发掘出土了大量的铜器。这些铜器制作精美,类型丰富,堪称洱海区域青铜文化的典型代表。为进一步研究祥云红土坡石棺墓出土铜器的制作工艺,对20世纪80年代两次发掘祥云红土坡石棺墓所出土各类铜器(包括剑、矛、钺、斧、锄、动物模型、杖首)进行了成分分析,并对其制作工艺进行了初步研究。结果表明,祥云红土坡石棺墓出土的铜器材质主要是红铜或低锡青铜,含锡量很低是该墓葬群出土铜器的一大特点。这些铜器主要用作随葬明器,少数兵器为实用器。个别为铜锡铅三元合金,已经出现了在合金中加铅的技术。其制作工艺以铸造为主,少数器物表面镀锡。这一研究成果,对今后探索洱海区域青铜时代金属技术及其文化面貌具有较为重要的价值。

Further Study on Copper and Bronze Artifacts Excavated from Hongtupo Stone Coffin Tombs in Xiangyun County,Yunnan Province

A large number of various exquisite bronze handcrafts had been unearthed from Hongtupo Stone Coffin Tombs in Xiangyun County, Yunnan. These handcrafts have been known as a paragon of bronze culture in Erhai area. To further the investigation of the craftsmanship of handcrafts in Hongtupo Stone Coffin Tombs, chemical components of Hongtupo Stone Coffin Tombs＆#39; handcrafts （including swords, spears, tomahawks, axes, hoes, animal models, and scepters） were analyzed through component analysis, and pilot studies had been done on the handcrafts. The investigation result shows that the composition of the bronze handcrafts unearthed from Hongtupo Stone Coffin Tombs is mainly either red bronze or low tin bronze. Being low in tin is one of the features of bronzes unearthed from these tombs. These bronze handcrafts were primarily used as burial weapons with a few were for practical use. Very few of them are ternary alloys of copper, tin and lead. Ternary alloys containing lead shows that the technology of adding lead in alloys had been emerged by the time they were buried. The craftsmanship is mainly cast, and some implements are plated with tin. This investigation result will be valuable for future exploration of metal technology and culture feature during Bronze Age in Erhai area.