水下枪械动力学的实验研究

为了探索导气式水下枪械气室压力工作规律和水阻力对自动机运动规律的影响，设计了实验装置，在装置中以活动件模拟枪机，气体调节装置通过改变导气孔尺寸来调节活动件的后坐能量，机匣上的排水孔减少了活动件的后坐阻力。由装在实验装置上的专用传感器(如应变测压传感器、感应测速传感器)和其它测量仪器构成动力学测量系统。通过大量的实验，分别测定了活动件速度、膛压、气室压力和弹丸初速。数据分析结果显示，水阻力显著降低了活动件后坐速度，气空压力随实验用弹装药量、药空初始容积和导气孔尺寸的改变而改变，这些结论对水下枪械的动力学分析具有参考价值。

Experimental Research on Underwater Gun's Dynamics

To probe into the gas chamber pressure's working law of gas operated underwater guns and the influence of water resistance on the automatic mechanisms' characteristics of motion,a set of experimental equipment was designed.In the experimental equipment,a moving part simulated a firearm bolt.A set of gas regulating device adjusted the recoiling energy of the moving part by changing the size of gas operated hole.The drainage pores in the receiver reduced the recoiling resistance of the moving part.Some special purpose sensors,e.g. strain pressure measuring sensors,induction speed measuring sensors,were mounted in the experimental equipment.These sensors and other measuring instruments constituted dynamic measuring systems.After a large number of experiments,the velocity of the moving part,the pressure of cartridge chamber and gas chamber,and the initial velocity of bullets were measured respectively.The results of data analysis show that water resistance dramatically reduces the recoiling velocity of the moving part,and the gas chamber pressure varies with the propellant mass of experimental cartridges,the initial volume of cartridge chamber and the size of the gas operated hole.The conclusions provide reference for the dynamic analysis of underwater guns.