基于InVEST模型的黑龙江省生境质量空间格局及其影响因素

基于InVEST模型评估黑龙江省的生境质量，利用多尺度地理加权回归模型，探究影响生境质量的自然和人文要素作用空间尺度差异及其影响程度．结果表明:1)黑龙江省大小兴安岭、张广才岭等山地地区生境质量较高，松嫩平原、三江平原等地生境质量较低；2)多尺度地理加权回归模型识别出面积化肥施用量、农作物种植面积、高程、植被净初级生产力以及年均温度分别在62、44、43、43、43的局部尺度上影响生境质量，而年均降雨量、PM_2.5排放总量、人口数量、地区生产总值、土壤表层pH在近似全局尺度上影响生境质量；3)回归系数的显著性检验结果表明社会经济要素对生境质量的影响呈现显著负相关，高程和植被净初级生产力对生境质量的影响呈现显著正相关，而土壤表层pH呈现显著负相关．研究结果可为黑龙江省调整土地利用空间布局、保护区域生态环境提供科学依据． 

Spatial pattern of habitat quality and driving factors in Heilongjiang Province

Habitat is important for animal survival and reproduction．Analysis of factors affecting habitat quality is of great significance to maintain ecological health and safety．InVEST model was used here to evaluate habitat quality in Heilongjiang Province, Multi-scale Geographical Weighted Regression model was used to explore spatial scale differences in the effect of natural and human factors on habitat quality and degree of influence．It was found that habitat qualities in mountain areas such as Greater Khingan Range, Lesser Khingan Mountains and Zhangguangcai Mountains were relatively high, while habitat quality in Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain were relatively low．Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression identified that fertilizer usage, crop planting area per unit area, altitude, vegetation net primary productivity, and annual average temperature affected habitat quality at local scales of 62, 44, 43, 43 and 43, respectively, but annual average rainfall, PM_2.5 emissions, population, GDP, soil pH influenced habitat quality on approximately a global scale．Significance test of regression coefficient showed that effects of socio-economic factors on habitat quality presented a significant negative correlation．Significant positive correlation was found between elevation, net primary productivity of vegetation, and habitat quality, significant negative correlation was identified with pH of soil surface．The present work will form some scientific basis to adjust spatial distribution of land use, and to protect regional ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province．