退耕还林工程对区域生态系统服务价值的影响

长期毁林开荒及过度采伐导致牡丹江地区水土流失加剧,林缘锐减,生态脆弱性突显。为改善日益退化的生态环境问题,牡丹江地区自1999年开始实行退耕还林试点工程。基于遥感和G IS技术,在获取退耕还林前后2000年及2008年的土地利用动态数据的基础上,参照中国陆地生态系统单位面积服务价值表,探讨了该地区土地利用变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响。并进行敏感度分析。结果表明,2000年—2008年研究区旱田面积大量减少,共减少812.27km^2,其他土地利用类型面积均有所增加,其中以林地增加最为显著,共增加701.36 km^2。退耕以还林为主。生态系统服务价值由退耕前的40 092.70万元增加到40 760.33万元,共增加667.63万元。退耕还林成效显著。此外,土地利用转移矩阵表明,旱田与林地之间的相互转化剧烈,说明在推行生态退耕工程的同时,毁林开荒的现象时有发生,相关部门应采取相关措施,巩固退耕还林成果,促进区域可持续发展。图2,表4,参22。

Effects of Grain for Green on Regional Ecosystem Service Values Changes in Mudanjiang City

Long-term deforestation and reclamation induced serious soil erosion and fast forest degradation in Mudanjiang.The Eco-environment vulnerability there increased and the Grain for Green was executed in 1999 in order to improve the environment.Firstly we obtained the dynamic Land use change data of 2000 and 2008,which respectively represented the land use before and after the Grain for Green project.Secondly we mainly discussed the effects of land use changes on Ecosystem Services Values and at the end we carried out Coefficient of Sensitivity analysis.The results indicated that the dry farmland area decreased drastically,for about 812.27 km2;while,the other land use types increased more or less.The forest increased obviously,for about 701.36 km2.Other more,the land use transformation matrix indicated that the transformation between dry farmland and forest toke place quite frequently.It showed that deforestation and reclamation till existed during the Grain for Green.Relevant departments should take out some measurements to consolidate the achievements of Grain for Green to promote regional sustainable development.