淡水恢复工程对黄河三角洲湿地生态系统服务的影响

自2002年以来黄河三角洲国家自然保护区分批次、有计划地对退化湿地实施了不同规模的淡水生态修复工程,补充了滨海湿地淡水资源,改善了湿地植被覆被及生态功能. 运用InVEST 模型和市场价值法对1989-2015年间黄河三角洲湿地主导生态系统服务(碳储量、栖息地质量和物质生产)的时空变化进行定量评估,探讨了淡水恢复工程对湿地生态系统服务的影响. 研究发现,黄河三角洲的淡水恢复湿地各年代间土地利用类型有简单化趋势,呈现不同地类规模化并存的趋势,在恢复工程影响下芦苇面积明显增加. 黄河三角洲湿地恢复区的碳密度低值区逐渐减少,恢复区总碳储量先减少后增加;大部分区域栖息地质量较好,但优质栖息地的占比略微下降;平均物质生产服务价值逐年增加. 各年代间碳密度的变幅有逐渐减小趋势,表明生态系统碳储量趋于稳定;栖息地质量提升区域逐步扩大,主要集中于黄河口恢复湿地的北侧和一千二恢复湿地的南侧区域. 淡水恢复工程实施后,芦苇面积增加,维护了水鸟等动植物的生境,基本实现了生态补水的目的 

Effect of the freshwater restoration projects on ecosystem services in Yellow River Delta wetlands

A series of freshwater restoration proj ects have been implemented in the Yellow River Delta wetlands since 2002,replenishing freshwater resources in coastal wetlands,improving vegetation cover,and promoting ecosystem services and function.InVEST model and market value method were used here to assess domain ecosystem services,including carbon reservation,habitat quality,and material production.Effects of freshwater restoration projects on ecosystem service variation from 1989 to 2015 were examined.The type of land use/land cover was found to have a trend of simplicity,the area of Phragmites austral is was found to have increased greatly.Districts with the lowest values of carbon density have decreased,but the total carbon reservation decreased first and then increased in the study period.Most of the area had the highest habitat quality,average values in the material production increased annually. Variations in carbon density have decreased,indicating a steady trend.Improvements in habitat quality concentrated on the north of the Yellow River Mouth restored wetlands and the south of the Yiqianer'restored wetlands.Therefore implementation of restoration projects has restored ecosystem successfully,and attained the goal of the environmental flow release.