清末新政与辛亥革命历史地位的比较思考

近二十几年来,清末新政史的研究经历了从否定到被肯定,然后逐渐被捧高的过程。与此同时,对辛亥革命的评价却愈来愈低落。其实,从新政的历史背景及其本身内容看,尽管它是中国历史上一次重要的社会变革,它对于中国社会的促进及其在现代中国社会政治制度转型中的作用却难于与辛亥革命相比较。从整个中国社会的发展来看,辛亥革命是非进行不可的,并注定将推翻帝制。辛亥革命既是民族革命,同时又实行了政治革命,它是近现代中国社会转型中的基本事件,开启了二十世纪中国历史之新篇章。

Comparison of Historical Positions between New Deal in Late Qing Dynasty and 1911 Revolution

The study of the New Deal history in the Late Qing Dynasty has experienced from denial to recognition,and then to gradual high praise in the past 20 years.Contrarily,the evaluation on the 1911 Revolution has been going from bad to worse.In fact,from the historical background and content of the New Deal,though it was a great social reform in the Chinese history,its role in promoting Chinese society and its functions in the transformation of Chinese social and political systems can not be compared with that of the 1911 Revolution.From the development of the whole Chinese society,the 1911 Revolution was bound to break out and overthrow the imperialism.The 1911 Revolution was a national and political revolution,which was an elemental event in the transformation of modern Chinese society.It started a new page of the Chinese history in the 20th century.