现代社会与社会科学的认识论、方法论

本文通过对林德布洛姆所著《政治与市场》的介绍,指出其对我国社会科学的借鉴作用。由于现代社会与传统社会有很多重大区别,对现代社会科学的认识论和方法论提出了创新要求。对认识论的要求之一是对关系、功能的追问优先于对本体整一性的判断,从而使一元本体型认识论转向多元功能型认识;要求之二是强调科学理性对社会总趋势估计能力的有限性,从而提出了猜想与摸索对认识的创新价值。因此,控制、协调、推进成为方法论的基本概念;纲要式决策适应于战略式决策成为方法论的实施原则。

MODERN SOCIETY AND EPISTEMOLOGY AND METHODOLOGY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

Through the introduction of "Politics and Market" by C.E. lindblom this paper points out its referential function to the study of social science in our country. Owing to the great difference between modem society and traditional society, the paper puts forward two new reguirements to epistemology and methodogy of modern social science. One of the requirements is questioning the relation and function prior to making a guess at the totality of noumenon, and, therefore, to make monistic noumenon- typed epistemology transfer to pluralistic function-typed epistemology. The other requirenent is to stress the limitation of the capacity of appraising the gereral tendency of society by scientific reasoning, and, therefore, to put forward the new creative value to epistemology given by guess and grope. For the above reason, control, coordination, impetus become the basic concept of methodology, and the effectice principle of methodology is to make synopic decision adapt to strategic decision.