“说剑”情结与“速死”心态—关于中国知识分子问题的一点思考

19世纪下半叶以来中国知识分子的命运问题，既和中国社会与文化的发展息息相关，更和知识分子对自身的职责定位以及自身如何处理与统治者和民众的关系有关。遗憾的是，对此中国知识分子并没有找到正确解决的途径，反而在一次次的政治斗争中沦为权力机器的工具。由此导致很多知识分子对于自己的使命和前途感到迷惘甚至绝望，龚自珍由渴望“说剑”而最终回到“吹箫”；章太炎因国师梦的破灭鬲产生“速死”心态，即是中国知识分子思想变化的最佳例证。也许，中国知识分子只有首先做好对自身的文化启蒙和精神解放工作，才能谋求成功扮演历史赋予的角色。

Reflecting on "Sword Complex" and "Immediate Death" Mentality——the fate of Chinese intellectuals

From the late 19th century on, the fate of Chinese intellectuals has as much relationship with the social and cultural development of China as with their conception of their own duty for the society and their way to address the rulers and the people. Unfortunately, they ended up finding no way out but to be reduced to being used as the tools of power machine in endless political conflicts. Hence their confusion if not despair concerning their own duty and future as intellectuals, which finds best expression in two examples： Zizhen Gong longed to reflect on sword first, but retreated to blow the Xiao （ a traditional Chinese musical instru-ment） a last; Taiyan Zhang was obsessed with immediate death mentality in the wake of his failure to work as royal teacher. It is safe to say, only when they give priority to the undertaking of cultural enlightenment and spiritual liberation of the people, can they play their historic duty to the best.