Genetically engineered avidins and streptavidins |
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Authors: | O H Laitinen V P Hytönen H R Nordlund M S Kulomaa |
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Institution: | A. I. Virtanen Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Kuopio, P. O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. |
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Abstract: | Chicken avidin and bacterial streptavidin, (strept)avidin, are proteins widely utilized in a number of applications in life
science, ranging from purification and labeling techniques to diagnostics, and from targeted drug delivery to nanotechnology.
(Strept)avidin-biotin technology relies on the extremely tight and specific affinity between (strept)avidin and biotin (dissociation
constant, Kd≈10−14–10−16 M). (Strept)avidins are also exceptionally stable proteins. To study their ligand binding and stability characteristics,
the two proteins have been extensively modified both chemically and genetically. There are excellent accounts of this technology
and chemically modified (strept)avidins, but no comprehensive reviews exist concerning genetically engineered (strept)avidins.
To fill this gap, we here go through the genetically engineered (strept)avidins, summarizing how these constructs were designed
and how they have improved our understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of these proteins, and the benefits
they have provided for (strept)avidin-biotin technology.
Received 22 June 2006; received after revision 1 August 2006; accepted 21 September 2006 |
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Keywords: | Affinity avidin bionanotechnology biotin mutagenesis protein engineering streptavidin |
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