松嫩平原参考作物蒸散量变化及其影响因素分析

利用松嫩平原19个站点的常规气象数据，采用FAO最新推荐的P—M公式计算了松嫩平原2000—2007年的参考作物日蒸散量、月蒸散量及年蒸散量，在此基础上分析了参考作物蒸散量的年际、年内时空变化特征，并探讨了参考作物蒸散量对主要影响因素的敏感性。结果表明：①松嫩平原的多年平均参考作物蒸散量从东北向西南逐渐增加，通榆、白城为全区的高蒸散中心，北安为低蒸散中心；②松嫩平原多年平均参考作物月蒸散量最高值出现在5月，而不是出现在气温最高的7月，最低气温出现在1月；③在参考作物蒸散量的诸多影响因素中，日最高气温、日平均相对湿度的影响最为明显，其次是日平均风速与日照时数，日最低气温与高程对参考作物蒸散量的影响很小，几乎可以忽略。图8，表2，参15。关键词：松嫩平原；参考作物蒸散；Penman—Monteith公式；敏感性分析

Reference Evapotranspiration Change and Its Influencing Factors in Songnen Plain

Daily,monthly and yearly reference evapotranspiration over Songnen Plain from 2000a to 2007a were calculated by using normal meteorological data of 19 stations and Penman-Monteith equitation newly recommended by FAO.Temporal and spatial characteristics of reference evapotranspiration were analyzed and the sensitivity to main affecting factors WaS explored.The results showed that:①the multiyear's average of yearly reference evapotranspiration gradually increased from the northeast to the southwest,Tongyu,Baieheng were the hiish evapotranspiration center and Bei'an was the low center;②the highest multiyear's average of monthly reference evapotranspiration of songnen Plain was not in July though it owed the highest air temperature but in May,and the highest multiyear average of monthly reference evapotrmrspiration was in January;③daily maximum air temperature and daily average relative humidity were the most influential factors among all the affecting factors,then were daily average wind speed,and daily minimum air temperature and elevation played too little influence to even would be ignored.