湘桂黔地区侗族乡村聚落边界形态特征分析

选取湘桂黔地区25个侗族乡村聚落作为研究样本，在图底分析法的基础上，基于长宽比、形状指数、分维数量化指标探讨侗族乡村聚落边界的形态特征、破碎程度。结果发现：样本聚落形态呈现团状、带状、带状倾向的团状3种类型，其中团状聚落有10个，带状聚落有10个，带状倾向的团状聚落有5个，聚落形态的形成主要受自然环境、人为因素影响；聚落边界图形呈现出简单平滑和破碎复杂2种状态，其形成受自然环境、宗族理念以及聚落形态特征的影响。研究结果可为侗族乡村聚落保护与发展提供参考。

Analysis of Boundary Morphological Characteristics in Dong Rural Settlements in Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou Regions

Twenty-five Dong rural settlements in Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou regions were selected as research samples. Based on the graph base analysis method and the aspect ratio, shape index and fractal dimension quantitative index, the morphological characteristics and fragmentation degree of the border of Dong rural settlements were discussed. The results showed that according to the quantitative study of length-to-width ratio, the sample settlements were grouped, banded and banded inclined into three types, including 10 cluster settlements, 10 banded settlements and 5 banded inclined cluster settlements. The formation of cluster settlements was mainly influenced by natural environment and artificial factors. Through the quantitative study of length-width ratio, shape index and fractal dimension, it is found that the boundary pattern of settlements presents two states of simple smooth, broken and complex, and its formation is influenced by natural environment, clan concept and morphological characteristics of settlements. Relevant conclusions can provide reference for the protection and development of Dong rural settlements.