大区域大气总量控制模式的影响因素及改进研究

针对现在国内广泛使用的大气环境总量控制A值法,从分析大气污染物净化的各种理化过程着手,讨论该模式简化处理的合理性及局限性,指出只考虑输送和扩散过程的现用控制模式在一定程度上估算容量偏小,会抑制城市经济和建设的发展.将干沉积、湿沉积和化学转化3个过程引入现行总量控制模式,分别讨论不同城市尺度下3个过程相对于总环境容量的重要性.以上海市为例,根据SO_2排放量与环境空气质量之间关系的计算与检验,指出在实施污染物排放总量控制时,应合理引入于沉积、湿沉积和化学转化3个过程,以充分利用大气环境客量.

Research for Affecting Factors and Improving Methods on Regional Atmospheric Total - emission - control Model

In view of the widely used atmospheric total - emission - control model presently, various physical and chemical courses in the removal of the atmospheric pollutants are analyzed, the rationality and limitations of this simplified model are also discussed. A view is pointed out that only the transportation and diffusion courses considered in the model will underestimate the atmospheric capacity and restrain the development of regional economy in varying degrees. Dry deposition , wet deposition and chemical transformation courses are led into the present model. Also, the relative importance of the three courses to the basic environmental capacity are discussed respectively. Taking Shanghai city for example, according to the relationships between the emission quantity and ambient air quality, it proved necessary to lead these three courses into the model to fully utilize the atmospheric environmental capacity.