黔东南生态文明建设试验区石漠化演变规律与发展趋势研究

截至2005年,以贵州高原为中心的中国南方喀斯特地区石漠化土地总面积已经达到12.96×104km2,中国南方石漠化与西北地区的沙漠化、黄土高原的水土流失成为我国三大生态灾害。以黔东南自治州为主要对象,研究了生态综合治理下黔东南州2000~2005年石漠化的变化特征,应用空间转移矩阵预测未来发展趋势。数据表明:黔东南州石漠化面积从2000年1 638.46km2发展到2005年的1 753.60 km2,5年间平均每年增加23km2,到2050年石漠化面积将达到2 634.45 km2,占全州国土面积的8.68%。虽然黔东南州石漠化低于贵州平均水平,但是石漠化防治工作不容忽视,要建设黔东南生态文明试验区,石漠化治理仍是一个长期、艰巨的任务。

Variation and evolutional trends of karst rocky desertification in Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture

With Guizhou Plateau as a center,rocky desertification area reached 12.96×104km2 by 2005 in karst areas of rocky desertification in South China,desertification in Northwest China and soil erosion in the Loess Plateau became the three major ecological disasters in China.Using Qiandongnan autonomous prefecture as a major research target,the paper has researched various characteristics and evolutional trends of karst rocky desertification.Analysis indicated that the area of karst rocky desertification increased 115.14km2 from 2000 to 2005,and forecast data show that the rocky desertification area in 2050 will account for 8.68% of the total area in the prefecture.Although rocky desertification in Qiandongnan is below average of Guizhou,the integrated rehabilitation of karst rocky desertification can not be ignored.Karst rocky desertification control is a hard and long-term task.