珠江野生草鱼、赤眼鳟的核型、银染和 C 带比较研究

以珠江大学城江段草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）、赤眼鳟（Squaliobarbus curriculus）的肾细胞为实验材料，采用胸腔注射植物血球凝集素（PHA）、秋水仙素，低渗处理，空气干燥法制备染色体标本，分析其染色体的核型、银柒（Ag—NORs）和（：带．结果表明：①草鱼和赤眼鳟的染色体数目均为2n=48，草鱼核型公式和臂数分别为2n=22m＋24sm＋2st，NF=94，赤眼鳟的核型公式和臂数分别为2n=24m＋22sm＋2st，NF=94；均没有发现随体、次缢痕以及异型性染色体；②在草鱼和赤眼鳟的中期分裂相中，Ag—NORs均出现在染色体短臂的末端，且Ag—NORs的数目为4个的比例最大，但所处的位置有所不同；③草鱼和赤眼鳟的大多数染色体的着丝粒区域都有深浅不一的C带，但赤眼鳟的染色体中除了出现有着丝粒C带外，还有端部C带，而草鱼仅见着丝粒C带．

Studies on chromosome karyotype,Ag-NORs and C-banding patterns of wild Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus in the Pearl River

This paper respectively used kidney cells received from Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus for experimental materials. And the chromosomes specimens were made by using a method of injecting with PHA and colchicines, hypatoic-air drying technique. Studies on chromosome karyotype, silver staining （Ag-NORs） and C-banding of Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus were performed. The resuits were as follows： ① Both Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Squaliobarbus curriculus had a diploid chromosome number of 48. Meanwhile, the karyotype formula of Ctenopharyngodon idellus was 2n = 22m ＋ 24sin ＋ 2st, NF = 94, and the karyotype fornmla of Squaliobarbus curriculus was 2n = 24m ＋ 22sin ＋ 2st, NF = 94. Both of them did not contain satellite chromosome, the secondary constrictions and sex chromosome; ②Ag-NORs were observed in their metaphases respectively, located on the tips of chromosomes, and both of them, the frequence of 4 Ag-NORs were the highest, but the locations were different; ③The centromere of most chromosomes showed different shades of the C-band, but the telocentric C-band was only showed in Squaliobarbus curriculus.