固体碱强化水葫芦发酵产沼气的研究

采用固体碱预处理水葫芦，驯化污泥，并将其添加于水葫芦发酵体系中进行厌氧发酵。考察固体碱对水葫芦微观结构、活性污泥驯化、厌氧发酵产气速率以及甲烷含量的影响。结果表明：发酵初始加入固体碱且添加量为发酵底物的60%时，发酵平均产气速率最高，为16.88mL/(g·d)，此时，甲烷含量也达到最大，为80.06%；与不添加固体碱的发酵体系相比，分别提高了72.77%和64.73%。固体碱不但能驯化污泥，而且能破坏水葫芦的致密纤维结构，同时能调节发酵体系的pH值，防止有机酸对产酸菌的反馈抑制，创造更适宜于产甲烷菌生长的有利环境，提高水葫芦甲烷化的速率和效率。

Biogas production by the fermentation of water hyacinth enhanced by solid bases

A solid base has been used for water hyacinth pretreatment and sludge acclimation, by addition to a water hyacinth fermentation system for anaerobic fermentation. The effects of solid base addition on activated sludge acclimation, water hyacinth microstructure, gas production rate and the methane content of fermentation gas were investigated. The results showed that: adding solid base during the initial fermentation with a dosage of 60% of the substrate gave the maximum average gas production rate by the water hyacinth (16.88mL/(g·d)) with a methane content of 80.06%; compared with the fermentation system in the absence of solid base, these values represent increases of 72.77% and 64.73% respectively. The solid base can acclimate sludge, destroy the dense fibrous structure of the water hyacinth, adjust the pH value of the fermentation system in order to prevent organic acid feedback inhibition of bacteria, create a more suitable enabling environment for Methanogenus growth, and improve the efficiency and rate of water hyacinth methanation.