建设用地扩张规律及其与道路网络的空间自相关分析——以福州市为例

科学分析城市建设用地扩张的时空特征有助于实现城市的可持续发展，为了更全面地探索建设用地的发展规律以及建设用地扩张与道路发展相关性的分布特点，以福州市土地利用/覆盖变化数据和开源地图(open street map, OSM)路网数据为基础，利用多环缓冲区、等角扇形、经纬网络划分研究单元，计算建设用地整体和局部的分形纬数、紧凑度、密度、扩张强度、扩张速度等扩张指数以及道路线密度、道路加权核密度，利用相关分析和双变量空间自相关分析，探讨2000—2020年福州市建设用地扩张的时空规律及其与道路网络分布的空间相关性。结果表明：福州市建设用地面积的增长速度呈现先升高后回落的趋势，扩张的主要区域为距市中心3～17 km区域且具有向外扩张的趋势；东南方向扩张强度最大，东北和西南部扩张速度较快，西部、北部扩张强度与扩张速度均较低；2015、2020年建设用地与道路网络的分布呈显著的空间相关性，全局莫兰指数(Moran’I)分别为0.829和0.835,高-高聚类集中在城市中心，低-低聚类集中在城市西部以及边缘地区，市中心以及东南沿海地区为建设用地与道路网络发展的主要地区，且二者发展较为协调。

The Expansion Law of Construction Land and its Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis with Road Network: Taking Fuzhou as an Example

Scientific analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics of urban construction land expansion is helpful to realize the sustainable development of cities. In order to explore the development law of construction land and the distribution characteristics of the correlation between construction land expansion and road development more comprehensively, based on the land use / cover change data and OSM road network data in Fuzhou , the multi-loop buffer, equal sector, latitude and longitude network were used to divide the research unit, calculated the overall and local fractal dimension, compactness, density, expansion intensity, expansion speed and other expansion indicators of construction land, as well as road network indicators such as road line density and road weighted kernel density, and combined with the bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis, the spatial and temporal law of the expansion of construction land and its spatial correlation with road development in Fuzhou from 2000 to 2020 were explored. The results show that: The growth rate of construction land area in Fuzhou shows a trend of first increase and then decrease. The main area of construction land expansion is 3-17 km away from the city center, and has the trend of outward expansion. The expansion intensity of the southeast region is the largest, the expansion speed of the northeast and southwest regions is faster, and the expansion intensity and expansion speed of the western and northern regions are lower. In 2015 and 2020, the distribution of construction land and road network shows a high spatial correlation. Global Moran '' I indices are 0.829 and 0.835, respectively. High-high clustering is concentrated in the urban center, and low-low clustering is ?concentrated in the western and marginal areas of the city. The urban center and the southeast coastal area are the main areas for the development of construction land and road network, and the development of the two is more coordinated.