从近代三部学制看中国高等教育的近代化

学制旨在规范一个国家各级各类学校的教育活动,推动整个国家学校教育的良性发展;纵观清末民初制定的《癸卯学制》、《壬子—癸丑学制》和《壬戌学制》,反映了我国高等教育逐步近代化的进程,彰显了我国高等教育从封建社会的垄断、务虚、封闭到近代社会的实用化、民主化、平民化和国际化的转变趋势。但由于对近代高等教育本质理解上的偏差,也使中国高等教育近代化出现了一些曲折与失误。

Chinese Higher Education ,Modernization in the View of Three Modern Educational Systems

The educational system is to standardize the education activities of a nation's various levels and kinds of schools,by which it well promotes the development of school education all over the country.In the turning period of the last stage of the Qing Dynasty and the initial stage of the Republic of China,three educational systems presented a modernization process of Chinese higher education with a transformation characte r from feudal society's monopoly,ideological guidelines,sealing up to modern society's practical application,democratization,popularity and the internationalization.But there were some complications and errors in the course of modernization of Chinese higher education due to the deviation of the understanding of the essence of modern higher education.