在汉字辨认上大脑两半球的功能特点

根据汉字有来源、结构、词类的不同，全面选取能包括这些不同特点的常用单字和汉字词作辨认材料，用半视野速示法，于660名汉族、藏族、维吾尔族、外国来华留学生被试中，发现：（1）除汉族儿童（7－10岁）外，所有被试对单个汉字及双字词的辨认都是大脑两半球均势的。（2）汉族少年、成年、老年对汉字辨认的两半球均势是在11岁由儿童期在左半球优势转变来的。（3）经常使用汉语会影响大脑两半球对拼音文字辨认的功能特点，使汉族和藏族双语音对拼音文字（汉族拼音文字或英语或藏语）的辨认由左半球优势变为两半球均势。文中对上述各点进行讨论，认为使用汉语可能使大脑两半球的功能得到发展。

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CERBRAL HEMISPHERS IN RECOGNIZING CHINESE CHARACTERS

Chinese single characters and two-character words with various characteristics in origin,structure and parts of speech were selected as stimuli material. A total of 660 subjects including Han, Tibetan, Uighur and foreign students were tested by using half-visual field tachistoscopic method. Results indicated:1 ) All the subjects, except the Han children 7-10 years old, show a bilateral effect of the two hemispheres on recognizing Chinese characters; 2 )For the Han, a change from the left hemisphere advantage to the bilateral happened at the age of 11; 3 ) Often using Chinese would affect the functional characteristics of the two hemispheres on recognizing phonograms. So the left hemisphere superiority for Han and Tibetan bilinguals in recognizing phonograms (alphabetized Chinese characters/ English/ Tibetan) changed into bilateral effect of the two hemispheres. Furthermore, using Chinese would help develop the function of the right hemisphere.