黄河调水调沙关键技术

黄河泥沙的不断淤积使其下游近1000km的河道成为"地上悬河",洪水威胁不断增大。要遏制其河道淤积增加趋势,现阶段可采取的有效途径之一是调水调沙,即改变进入下游河道的水沙关系。黄河中游干支流水库的修建为实施调水调沙提供了工程条件。实施调水调沙,必须突破三大关键技术,一是塑造水库异重流,二是确立河道水沙关系,三是遏制洪峰增值。实践证明,掌握了这三大关键技术,可以实现调水调沙的成功运行并取得预期效果。

Key Technologies of Water and Sediment Relationship Regulation of the Yellow River

Continuous sediment deposition in the 1000km-long river course downstream the Yellow River has made it a ＂suspending river＂, with increasing threats of flood disasters. In order to curtail the trend of sediment accumulation, one of the effective and adoptable approaches is to regulate the relationship between water and sediments, i.e. to change the relationship between runofEs and sediments flowing to the lower reaches. The building of reservoirs in the mainstream and tributaries of the middle reach of th＇e Yellow River has laid an engineering foundation for implementing water and sediment regulation. A breakthrough of three key technologies must be made： first, to shape the density flow; second, to establish tile relationship between water and sediments in the river course; third, to control the increase of flood peak. Practice has proved that, mastering these technologies could ensure the successful operation of water and sediments regulation and an expected effect.