生物多样性和生态系统功能对全球变化的响应与适应:进展与展望*

  人类活动引起的土地利用/覆盖变化、气候变化、大气CO2浓度增高和氮沉降加剧等使得生物有机体的性状、种间关系、分布格局与生物多样性发生改变，进而影响生态系统过程和功能，并最终影响人类的生存和社会经济的可持续发展。应用全球变化实验结合环境梯度研究方法，我们已经就我国主要的森林生态系统和草地生态系统对全球变化的响应与适应作了初步研究。基于已开展的实验研究和数据积累，以协同研究为主要手段，结合我国独特的自然条件，今后将加强以下四个方面工作:①开展长期的多因子实验；②构建动态物种分布模拟体系；③构建数据模型融合系统；④生态系统对全球变化的区域响应和适应性的集成分析。

Response and Acclimation of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function to Global Change: Progress and Prospects

Human induced global changes (e.g. land use/land cover changes, climate change, elevated atmospheric CO2, atmospheric nitrogen deposition) have brought about several variations in the traits, inter species relationship, species distribution, and biodiversity of biological organism. And further, as the biological organism is the main body of ecosystem, the changes have already had an impact on the ecosystem process and function, and consequently our human survival and social sustainable development. We have combined global change experiments with environmental gradient methods to study the response and acclimation of major forest ecosystems and grassland ecosystems to global change in china. And we had already achieved some initial results. In view of the carried out experiments and the obtained results, combined with our unique natural conditions, we should take a coordinated approach for future research in this dynamic field: ①stable and increased support for long term multi factor experiments; ②explicit inclusion of climatic suitability module, habitat availability/suitability module, population dynamics module and dispersal module in a dynamic specie distribution model; ③better integration amongst experimentals, monitoring, and models by building a data model fusion system; ④assessment for the ecosystem response and acclimation to global and regional changes using a hierarchical modeling.