希腊与中国早期国家形态差异析论--以雅典城邦和西周王国为例

以雅典城邦和西周王国为代表的希腊与中国早期国家存在着阶级结构、政权组织方式及治国原则、国家职能等本质性差异。二者的差异是由于各自赖以存在的社会结构、经济制度的不同决定的，同时也与各自的前国家形态存在着必然联系。     

论古代希腊竞技品格与现代继承

从古代希腊竞技会产生的文化基础和人的＂德性教育＂等多方面的文化剖析,揭示了古代希腊竞技的超功利与英雄主义的文化特质,还得出竞技会是古代希腊人对理想社会模式的诉求与构想的结论。通过中西方对希腊竞技文化精神继承的比较,把超越宗教、政治、文化、民族和国家的奥林匹克文化的主体精神呈现出来。     

Recent and fossil Lunulitidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) 4. American and Australian species of Otionella

The nominal, free living lunulitiform genus Otionella has been found to include two major groups of species, each one with a distinctive periancestrular pattern of primary zooids. The first group occurs in the Eocene of North America and includes the type species, O. perforata, and several other forms. The second group occurs in the Late Eocene to Recent of Australasia, and may prove to be generically distinct. Intermediate forms, such as O. parvula from the Argentinian Tertiary, are discussed, and a diverse fauna of 10 species from Australia is described. Although some of these species, like O. cupola, O. exigua and O. nitida, have long been known from Australia. it has only recently been recognized that three New Zealand forms, O. squamosa, O. zelandica and O. proberti, also occur in the Tertiary and/or Recent of Victoria, New South Wales, and Western Australia. In addition, four species are considered to be new. These include O. australis, O. auricula and O. minuta, which are probably closely related to one another, and to O. zelandica. The fourth species, O. browni, has a unique periancestrular budding pattern which resembles that of fossil Lunulites more than any form of ‘Australasian Otionella’. Although, in many ways, O. browni could be assigned to Lunulites sensu lato, it is included here in Otionella.     

Non-invasive genetic study and population monitoring of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) (Mammalia: Ursidae) in Kastoria region – Greece

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Greece is considered endangered but little is known about the genetic status and the exact size of local populations. Non-invasive genetic sampling was used in this study to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the brown bear population in the Kastoria region (northwest Macedonia, Greece) and to estimate its population size. Estimation of demographic parameters was based on innovative, well-evaluated methods that can provide estimates from a single sampling session. DNA was extracted from hairs, scat and blood samples and subsequent amplification of 10 microsatellite loci allowed the identification of a minimum number of 75 living bears in the study area while the mark–recapture-based analysis resulted in a point estimation of 219 individuals. Relatively high diversity values, lack of heterozygosity deficiency as well as estimated effective population size, support the Kastoria bear population having good conservation status.     

Subspeciation or none? The hardun in the Aegean (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae: Laudakia stellio)

A study aimed at testing the contested validity of the subspecies Laudakia stellio daani yielded novel insights into the essence of subspecies. We examined morphologically museum specimens from Greece, Aegean islands, and Anatolia (n?=?118; not all could be used in all analyses). Beyond the conventional mensural, meristic and qualitative characters we quantified 14 coloration characters, thus totalling 34 characters (including sex). Biometry was statistically analysed within and between the two geographically defined presumed subspecies, L. s. daani and L. s. stellio. Excluding or including broken‐tailed specimens changed the outcome of tests. Significant minor directional asymmetry occurred in one of four character‐taxon combinations. Phenetic cluster analysis poorly separated the two presumed subspecies when all characters, including those with discordant variation, were included; after selection of characters, the separation improved. Some biometric characters distinguish the two presumed subspecies, confirming their validity. The associations of significant inter‐character correlations differed between the two subspecies. Additionally, the two differed in parameters reflecting selection pressures and social structure: L. s. stellio is more colourful than L. s. daani; its sexual dimorphism is mainly chromatic, versus mensural in L. s. daani; and its population seems to include many males with underdeveloped callous scales, presumably socially subordinate, versus very few in L. s. daani.     

"神-原欲-人"的三位一体--论古希腊-罗马文学中"人"的观念

古希腊-罗马文化重视个体的人的价值实现,崇尚人的智慧,肯定人的原始欲望的合理性.受这种文化传统的影响,古希腊-罗马文学蕴含着一种世俗人本意识,激荡着人的原始欲望,其文化内质呈"神-原欲-人"三位一体的结构框架,属于原欲型文化范畴.由此,古希腊-罗马文学在文化属性上表现出了不同于希伯来-基督教文学的异质互补特征.     

Temporal organization patterns of epigean beetle communities (Coleoptera: Carabidae,Tenebrionidae) in different successional stages of eastern Mediterranean maquis

This two-year study explores the community structure and temporal dynamics of carabid and tenebrionid beetles in five eastern Mediterranean juniper maquis formations in relation to successional stage. Based on vegetation cover, density and soil pH, the successional stage in two of the sites (Crete, Cyprus) was an earlier state compared with the other three (Attiki, Naxos, Samos), as a result of intense goat grazing. Diversity indices and abundance distributions were compared using morphoecological surrogates of the taxa. Temporal dynamics were regulated more by cumulative species richness than by sharp phenological patterns. The higher values of niche pre-emption parameter and species turnover imply better adaptation of endemic tenebrionids to the rapid change of environmental conditions, compared with carabids. Significantly lower abundance and biomass, and higher evenness and temporal turnover for both families in Crete and Cyprus are ascribed to the reversed course of succession caused by overgrazing.     

古代中西黄赤交角测量和计算中几个问题的比较

运用比较研究的方法，对中国东汉四分历前后和古希腊首次出现的一些球面天文学概念以及黄赤交角的测量和计算进行比较．结果表明，东汉时期已经初步尝试并基本建立了一个空间天球概念，但是没有被启代很好地继承下来，而古希腊建立的空间天球概念被现代天文学所继承；古代中西方对于黄赤交角的测量和计算方法不同，并且东汉时期黄赤交角测量值的精度高于古希腊测量值的精度．     

希腊僭主政治浅析

僭主政体兼具君主专制和体现民意的两重性，是早期王政时代向民主政治的过渡形态。基于特殊的地理因素和时代背景，僭主政治注定是历史的昙花一现；僭主大都出身平民，党派之争为僭主政治提供了生存的空间；僭主政治形成中有传统政治因素；平民——重装步兵因素在由王权政治向僭主政治，又向民主政治过渡中起了重要作用。     

从体育发展看民族性格的形成

民族性格的形成,是多种因素共同作用的结果．笔者通过对中国古代体育发展历程的追溯,以及中国与古希腊早期体育发展状况的比较,说明在民族性格漫长的形成过程中,体育发挥了不可替代的作用,不同的体育发展方式是不同的民族性格形成的重要原因之一。