A study on nano-sized NiO electrodes doping with C and Co prepared by electrochemical deposition-sintering processes and their capacitance performance

In the present work, it was studied that nanoosized NiO electrodes doping with C and Co were prepared by electrochemical deposition in an ethanol solution containing nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate and sintering processes. The capacitance performance of such electrodes was also studied. The results reveal that samples obtained by electrochemical deposition first on a porous nickel cathode in an ethanol solution contain 0.5 mol/L nitrates, in which Ni(NO3)2 and Co(NO3)2 were mixed in a molar proportion of 8 : 2. After sintering at 300℃ for 2 h, they exhibited the best performance. XRD analysis illustrates that the essential phase of the product is NiO doping with certain content of C and Co. The particles of product imaged a spherical morphology with sizes of 20---30 nm in diameter, and with an average crystal size of 4--5 nm. The capacitance measurement of the simulating C/NiO capacitors indicates that a single electrode can reach as high as 410.0 F/g, and still maintain the value of 323 F/g after 30 recycles showed as a stabilized value with increasing recycles, when it was discharged at a current of 5 mA.     

沥青基活性碳纤维的电容特性

以通用级沥青碳纤维为原料,经催化活化制备了用于超级电容器电极材料的活性碳纤维,对比了未浸渍钴盐活化、浸渍钴盐活化并用稀酸清洗前后活性碳纤维的孔结构及其孔径分布。采用直流循环充放电、循环伏安以及交流阻抗表征了活性碳纤维电极电化学性能,组装成硬币式两电极模拟电容器测试其循环性能和漏电性能。结果表明,与未浸渍钴盐活化工艺相比,浸渍钴盐活化使得活性碳纤维表面大孔和中孔结构明显增加,经稀酸清洗后的活性碳纤维表面孔隙结构更加丰富; 浸渍钴盐活化并用稀酸清洗所得活性碳纤维电极的比电容高达197F/g,较未浸渍钴盐活化样品提高50%; 在1.5A/g的条件下充放电,其比电容为163F/g,经2000次循环后电容量提高了23%。     

一种山区通信基站供电系统设计与仿真

针对电网延伸不到或电网质量不高的山区通信基站,提出了一种实用的基站供电方式,这种供电方式采用光伏电池-超级电容-燃料电池构成复合电源系统,该系统可根据不同的天气条件选择不同的电源,最大限度地发挥各自的优势,节约运行成本,确保系统稳定可靠运行。文中重点阐述了系统总体结构的设计,并详细地分析了系统的工作模式,给出了系统的控制策略。为了验证系统的有效性,在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了一种普遍的48 V/20 A通信基站电源的仿真系统,对系统进行了仿真实验,结果表明,该系统在不同外界条件下均能持续稳定可靠运行,且具备动态响应速度快、续航能力强等特点。     

超级电容器材料研究的辩证思维

本文运用唯物辩证法的原理,以超级电容器电极材料的研究为例,阐述了超级电容器的发展是一次新的能源技术革命,并对超级电容器贮能机理的矛盾律、理论与实验的相对性与统一性关系、研究目标的创新性、材料合成过程中把握好度的原则进行了辩证分析,最后根据知识经济时代材料的特征对超级电容器的发展方向及面临的挑战作了前瞻性分析.     

二氧化钌/活性炭复合电极的制备及性能

为研制低成本、高比容超级电容器的关键复合电极材料,采用涂覆热分解法,以RuCl3·2H2O为前躯体,制备二氧化钌/活性炭复合电极材料.借助扫描电镜、附着力测试、循环伏安、恒流充放电和电化学阻抗谱等检测手段,观察复合薄膜电极材料的表面形貌,分析不同涂覆量的二氧化钌/活性炭复合薄膜电极的性能.研究结果表明:二氧化钌/活性炭复合电极材料具有良好的电化学稳定性,涂覆热分解最佳涂覆数为4次,复合薄膜的比表面积为321.4 m2/g,附着力为11.4 MPa;在H2s04溶液浓度为0.5 mol/L、扫描速率20 mV/s条件下,复合电极材料的比电容为422 F/g,内阻为0.33 Ω;经300次充放电后,电容量持续为98.8%.